A Canadian soldier fires his country’s version of the FN-FAL rifle. In 1956, Canada became the first country to adopt the versatile light automatic rifle made by FN Herstal of Belgium.

The FN FAL Rifle: NATO’s Right Arm

By Christopher Miskimon

British Corporal Steven Newland crept through the inky darkness toward an Argentine sniper who had pinned his troop of Royal Marines on the slopes of Mount Harriet on East Falkland Island. Read more

Normandy Breakout

By Brian Todd Carey

On June 6, 1944 the Allies opened the Second Front against Nazi Germany. Concentrated against the beaches of Normandy, Operation Overlord landed 20 army divisions plus support troops on five beaches in anticipation of a breakout across France and toward Berlin. Read more

The War Chariots of the Celtic Elite

By Andrew M. Scott

To the Latins they were Gauls; to the Greeks they were the keatoi (Keltoi), or Celts. A warrior people who at one time roamed Europe from Britain to the Black Sea, Celts reached the height of their power and cultural influence around the 2nd century bc. Read more

The Regia Marina’s Luigi Torelli arrives at the BETASOM sub base in Bordeaux on February 4, 1941, after completing its first Atlantic patrol. She had begun her patrol on November 12, but had to return to base for electric motor repairs after 10 days. She set out again on January 9, 1941.

Italian Sub Luigi Torelli

Patrick J. Chaisson

History has not been kind to the Italian Royal Navy. Since World War II scholars have largely ignored La Regia Marina Italiana and the often pivotal role it played in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. Read more

Infantry from the 40th Division follows Sherman tanks advancing on Japanese positions on Panay Island, Philippines in March 1945. This photograph is one of four from the camera of Lt. Robert Fields who was killed by incoming Japanese fire shortly after this photo was taken.

Bud Elliott and the Forgotten 40th

By Scott Elliott

The time had finally arrived. They would play second fiddle no more. An armada of American ships stretching as far as the eye could see entered Lingayen Gulf in Northwestern Luzon on the morning of January 9, 1945. Read more

Bombs Over Balikpapan

By Patrick J. Chaisson

Lieutenant Gus Connery and the crew of Juarez Whistle, a Consolidated B-24D Liberator heavy bomber, first spotted their target around midnight. Read more

Soviet paratroopers in front of a TB-3 bomber transport. Though they had more on paper, there were only 39 PS-84 transport planes and 22 TB-3 bomber transports—and only 19 fighters—available for the January 27 jump. German aircraft attacks on planes and airfields, as well as technical difficulties, left only two TB-3s and 10 PS-84s still operational by January 31, further delaying the deployment of paratroopers.

20 Million Lives

By Michael E. Haskew

Citizens of the Soviet Union,” blared the voice of Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov to a stunned nation on June 22, 1941, “the Soviet government and its head, Comrade Stalin, have authorized me to make the following statement: “Today at 4 o’clock am, without any claims having been presented to the Soviet Union, without a declaration of war, German troops attacked our country, attacked our borders at many points and bombed from their airplanes our cities; Zhitomir, Kiev, Sevastopol, Kaunus and some others, killing and wounding over 200 persons. Read more

Ground of Aces: Healing the Heroes

By Joseph Luster

Following its Early Access launch in July 2025, the folks at Blindflug Studios AG have kept World War II base-building strategy game Ground of Aces strong with new content. Read more

In this painting by Alonzo Chappel, Connecticut Patriot militia have lost all military order against the Loyalists fighting alongside warriors from the Iroquois Confederacy—as the Battle of Wyoming Valley turns into a massacre.

Blood Along the Susquehanna

By Kelly Bell

Dread gripped the Connecticut settlers of the Wyoming Valley, as the alarm guns boomed from Wilkes-Barre Fort. The sound of those cannons meant trouble and local militiamen grabbed their muskets and rifles and began to gather at Wilkes-Barre and other forts that dotted the valley. Read more

The 9th-century Oseberg ship in the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo was excavated in the early 20th century from a burial mound in southern Norway. The karve-style, clinker-built ship with its broad hull is made almost entirely from oak.

The Viking Longship

By John Spindler

In the first week of October 844, Emir Abd ar-Rahman II of Cordoba learned disturbing news: Vikings had captured Seville. Read more

Eleanor Roosevelt and Admiral Halsey

By John Wukovits

Prim, proper, and lacking any trace of braggadocio, the first lady of the United States, Eleanor Roosevelt, preferred placid pastimes and exchanging letters with close friends. Read more