Turkish troops made repeated attempts to recapture vital Shipka Pass through the Balkan Mountains. The five-day fight for the 4,500-foot-high pass would be the turning point of the Russo-Turkish War.   More »

The Battle of Dorylaeum would influence the tactics, strategy, and mystique of the many Crusades to follow.   More »

For the pagan Wends living along the Baltic Sea, the Second Crusade quickly became a desperate struggle for tribal survival.   More »

Caliph Harun al-Rashid’s two sons carried on a fratricidal power struggle that devastated Baghdad in the ninth century.   More »

The young Don Juan sets out to confront the Turkish fleet. The ensuing battle would determine the fate of the Mediterranean.   More »

As Allied forces hunkered down on the shell-wracked beaches of the Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkish forces rallied to defend their homeland.   More »

At Ankara, Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I, nicknamed the Thunderbolt, confronted Mongol leader Tamerlane, who had his own nickname— Prince of Destruction.   More »

The Later Crusades weren’t called as such during their time, but were considered pilgrimages by those who were said to be ‘taking the cross.’   More »

In AD 678, outside the storied walls of Constantinople, the Byzantine Empire unleashed its new secret war weapon upon the invading Saracen fleet: Greek Fire.   More »

The minarets of Alexandria shone distantly as a British expeditionary force headed for the fabled city. A French counterattack was soon under way.   More »