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The “Gallant” John Bell Hood
By Roy Morris Jr.When Confederate general John Bell Hood assumed command of the embattled Army of Tennessee at Atlanta in mid-July 1864, he was already grievously wounded in both body and spirit. Read more
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Ships of the Armada Campaign
By Eric NiderostThe Armada campaign marked the beginning of a new age in naval warfare. Before this time, naval encounters were essentially land battles fought at sea. Read more
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Crossroads of Destiny: The Battle of the Wilderness
By Jonas L. GoldsteinThe year 1864 was shaping up to be a critical one in the three-year-long Civil War. During the previous year, Federal armies had gained control of the Mississippi River and consolidated their grip on Tennessee. Read more
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The Father of the Royal Navy
By Eric NiderostSamuel Pepys is best known for the diary he wrote from 1660 to 1669. Because it was never intended for publication, the diary is frank and even ribald. Read more
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Twisting the Lion’s Tail: Dutch Raid up the Medway River
By Eric NiderostLieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter was a man of action, but he could be formidable even in repose On June 7, 1667, de Ruyter was sitting in the great cabin of the Dutch flagship Harderwijk listening stolidly while Cornelius de Witt finally revealed his plans for a raid on England to a group of assembled naval officers. Read more
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The Relief of Ladysmith
By John BrownIn the early hours of October 12, 1899, Commandant-General Piet Joubert and 15,000 Boers crossed the border between Transvaal and Natal near Laing’s Nek in southern Africa. Read more
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Spies during the Spanish-American War
By Peter KrossBy the end of the 19th century, the United States had grown into one of the major players on the international stage. Read more
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Australians at The Hook
By Al HemingwayDuring the battle for Hill 111 on the night of July 24-25, 1953, Sergeant Brian Charles Cooper was in charge of a 10-man machine-gun section of the 2nd Royal Australian Regiment located on the extreme right flank of How Company, 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines. Read more
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Germanicus Cæsar
By Michael D. GreaneyIn ancient Rome, politics and family were inextricably linked. The incestuous nature of the ruling Julio-Claudian dynasty was well embodied by the brief but notable career of Germanicus, who rose to the heights of power, only to be cast down by his own blood kin. Read more
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Battling Bishops of Christendom
By William J. McPeakBishops in battle? It’s not as unlikely as it sounds. At the Battle of Hastings in 1066, Norman Duke William, soon to be dubbed William the Conqueror, held his heavy cavalry in check until the most advantageous moment to charge the right flank of King Harold’s Saxons. Read more
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North Sea Duel at Camperdown
By Michael E. HaskewBy the autumn of 1797, revolutionary France had been at war with the combined forces of the First Coalition for four long years. Read more
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American Drive to the Moselle
By Allyn VannoyOn September 5, 1944, American intelligence estimates of German forces in the sector of the 80th Infantry Division, between Nancy and Metz in northeastern France, described scattered units and limited defenses along the east bank of the Moselle River. Read more
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French Strategy in the American Revolution
By David Curtis SkaggsWhen most Americans think of the triumphant ending of the Revolutionary War, they almost exclusively credit George Washington for the miraculous outcome, forgetting that the war was part of a much larger worldwide contest of which the revolution in the colonies was only a part. Read more
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Old Rough and Ready at Monterrey
By Chris DishmanOn the morning of September 19, 1846, General Zachary Taylor and his advance party could see little through the mist that shrouded the city of Monterrey, Mexico, Taylor’s next objective in his ongoing northern campaign. Read more
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Riflemen of the 95th Regiment
By Eric NiderostThe 95th Regiment of Foot was a new formation in 1808, having originated with the experimental Corps of Riflemen raised in 1800. Read more
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Dream of the Polish Eagle
By Blaine Taylor”The subject of Poland is by far the most complex of all the problems to be considered,” the American delegation to the Paris Peace Conference at Versailles was told in 1919, as it was preparing to sort out the incredible mess in European affairs following the end of World War I. Read more
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Painter and Witness Francisco De Goya
By Roy Morris Jr.When French troops invaded Spain in the spring of 1808, one of the most captivated onlookers was neither a soldier nor a diplomat, but a painter—albeit, one of surpassing genius. Read more
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Frederick Townsend Ward and the Ever— Victorious Army
By Robert HeegeWu Hsu was having trouble sleeping. As the taotai, or mayor, of Shanghai, Wu was charged with the ultimate welfare of China’s greatest cosmopolitan city. Read more
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Creating the International Red Cross
By Eric NiderostHenri Dunant, a 31-year-old Swiss banker, was a more or less inadvertent eyewitness to the Battle of Solferino in June 1859, and its myriad horrors left an indelible impression on him. Read more
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Black Soldiers, Blue Uniforms
By John WalkerAlthough several overzealous Union Army field commanders organized African Americans into ad hoc militia units early in 1862 and several black regiments were mustered into service later that year, it wasn’t until after President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation took effect on January 1, 1863, that the federal government began actively recruiting and enlisting black soldiers and sailors. Read more
