Punitive Expedition
At four-thirty on the morning of March 19, 1916, the sound of gunfire echoed through the streets of Columbus, New Mexico, a border settlement of adobe houses, a bank, a post office and a few stores surrounded by cactus, mesquite and rattlesnakes. Read more
Punitive Expedition
The United States had not yet entered World War II when Time magazine noted that the Army had created two new armored divisions. Read more
Punitive Expedition
On August 15, 1937, the Japanese Imperial Army bombed Nanking, the capital of China. These raids were unrelenting until December 13, when Japanese troops entered the conquered city. Read more
Punitive Expedition
Lieutenant John P. Lucas of the 13th U.S. Cavalry was sound asleep in a small adobe shack in Columbus, New Mexico, on the night of March 9, 1916, when he was abruptly awakened by the unmistakable sounds of men and horses passing outside his window. Read more
Punitive Expedition
In the July 5, 1922, edition of the New York Tribune, the poem “Unconvinced” by James J. Montague was published. Read more
Punitive Expedition
Five days after the March 9, 1916, raid on Columbus, New Mexico, in which at least 17 Americans were killed, President Woodrow Wilson instructed General John J. Read more
