By William E. Welch
On Sunday, March 18, 1582, 37-year-old Dutch Stadholder Prince William of Orange attended a festive luncheon in his palace in Antwerp to celebrate the birthday of major ally French Duke Francis of Anjou, who had arrived in the Low Countries the previous month to support the Dutch   More »

By William E. Welsh
In the valley south of the hill known in Czech as Bitna Hora, a vast host assembled by the Austrian Hapsburgs advanced toward the ranks of the Protestant rebels blocking the path to Prague, the capital of Bohemia. A sea of red, green, yellow, and gold banners   More »

The Romans refined and improved the gladius in their quest for the optimum weapon for close-quarter combat.   More »

In the Albigensian Crusade of the early 13th century, thousands perished in a bloody conflict that pitted Western Europeans against each other.   More »

English King Edward III’s longbowmen shattered multiple charges by French King Philip VI’s mounted French knights at Crécy in 1346.   More »

French constable Bertrand du Guesclin steadily rolled back the English gains during the darkest hours of the Hundred Years’ War.   More »

Following the English disaster at Stirling Bridge in 1297, King Edward I marched to Scotland with a mighty host bent on crushing the Scots.   More »

Benjamin Church embraced Native American warfare, earning the respect and dread of his foes during King Philip’s War.   More »

Principal Secretary Sir Francis Walsingham resorted to all manner of espionage in the service of Queen Elizabeth I.   More »

When Louis XIV’s generals achieved success in Flanders in the war of Spanish succession in 1708 it fell on The Duke of Marlborough to even the score.   More »